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Recognized Varieties & Compatible Color Breeding
The list is arranged in the order usually judged. Some shows do the varieties in each group in alphabetical order.
Compatiblilty is suggested to avoid producing unshowable colors.
Below the list, you'll find a section on common color faults and disqualifications in Netherland Dwarfs.
GROUP 1 - SELF
Ruby-Eyed White (REW)
YES: REW, any Shaded, any Self
Maybe: Most anything if known what the REW carries.
NO: Himalayan, Broken
Blue-Eyed White (BEW)
YES: BEW, Vienna-marked (VM), Vienna-Carrier (VC)
Maybe: Most any variety* to improve type and produce VM/VC.
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, any Shaded, Broken
* Any offspring from BEW, VM or VC should only used be in a BEW program.
Black
YES: any Self, any Tan Pattern, any Agouti, Black/Blue Tort, Himalayan, Steel
Maybe: Sable Point, Siamese Sable, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Sable Marten, Smoke Pearl Marten
NO: Orange, Fawn
Blue
YES: any Self, any Agouti, any Tan Pattern, Black/Blue Tort, Himalayan
Maybe: Siamese Sable, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Sable Marten, Smoke Pearl Marten
NO: Sable Point, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Chocolate
YES: any Self, any Otter, any Silver Marten, Lynx, Himalayan
Maybe: Orange, Fawn, Chestnut*, Opal*
NO: BEW, any Shaded, Tort, Chinchilla, Squirrel, Sable Marten, Smoke Pearl Marten, Steel
* Chestnut or Opal should only be used if the goal is Lynx or Orange/Fawn.
Lilac
YES: any Self, any Otter, any Silver Marten, Lynx
Maybe: Orange, Fawn, Chestnut*, Opal*, Himalayan
NO: BEW, any Shaded, Tort, Chinchilla, Squirrel, Sable Marten, Smoke Pearl Marten, Steel
* Chestnut or Opal should only be used if the goal is Lynx or Orange/Fawn.
GROUP 2 - SHADED
Sable Point
YES: REW, Black Himalayan, Sable Point, Black Tort
Maybe: Black, Siamese Sable
NO: Blue, Blue Tort, Chocolate, Lilac, Siamese Smoke Pearl, any Agouti, any Tan Pattern, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Siamese Sable
YES: REW, Himalayan, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Smoke Pearl Marten
Maybe: Sable Point, Siamese Sable, Sable Marten, Black/Blue Self, Black/Blue Silver Marten, Black/Blue Otter
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, any Agouti, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Siamese Smoke Pearl
YES: REW, Himalayan, Siamese Sable, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Sable Marten, Smoke Pearl Marten
Maybe: Black/Blue Self, Black/Blue Silver Marten, Black/Blue Otter
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, any Agouti, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Tort - Black (Tortoise Shell)
YES: Black, Black Tort, Blue, Blue Tort
Maybe: Sable Point, Orange, Fawn, Siamese Sable, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Himalayan, REW
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, any Agouti, any Tan Pattern, Steel
Tort - Blue (Tortoise Shell)
YES: Black, Black Tort, Blue, Blue Tort
Maybe: Orange, Fawn, Siamese Sable, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Himalayan, REW
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, Sable Point, any Agouti, any Tan Pattern, Steel
GROUP 3 - AGOUTI
Chestnut
YES: Chestnut, Opal, Black/Blue Otter, Black/Blue Self, Steel, Lynx
Maybe: Chinchilla, Squirrel, Black/Blue Silver Marten, Orange, Fawn, Chocolate*, Lilac*, Tort*
NO: any Shaded, Himalayan
* Chocolate/Lilac should only be used if the goal is Lynx or Orange/Fawn. Tort should only be used if the goal is Orange/Fawn.
Opal (Blue Chestnut)
YES: Chestnut, Opal, Black/Blue Otter, Black/Blue Self, Lynx
Maybe: Chinchilla, Squirrel, Black/Blue Silver Marten, Orange, Fawn, Chocolate*, Lilac*, Tort*
NO: any Shaded, Himalayan
* Chocolate/Lilac should only be used if the goal is Lynx or Orange/Fawn. Tort should only be used if the goal is Orange/Fawn.
Chinchilla
YES: Chinchilla, Squirrel, Black/Blue Silver Marten
Maybe: Black/Blue Self, Chestnut, Opal, Black/Blue Otter
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, any Shaded, any Tort, Himalayan, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Squirrel (Blue Chinchilla)
YES: Chinchilla, Squirrel, Black/Blue Silver Marten
Maybe: Black/Blue Self, Chestnut, Opal, Black/Blue Otter
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, any Shaded, any Tort, Himalayan, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Lynx (Lilac Chestnut)
YES: Lynx, Chestnut, Opal, Chocolate, Lilac, Chocolate/Lilac Otter, unrecognized Chocolate Chestnut
Maybe: Black, Blue, Chocolate/Lilac Silver Marten, Orange*, Fawn*
NO: any Shaded, Himalayan, Steel
* Orange/Fawn should only be used if the goal is Orange/Fawn.
GROUP 4 - TAN PATTERN
Sable Marten
YES: REW, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Smoke Pearl Marten
Maybe: Sable Marten, Siamese Sable, Black/Blue Silver Marten, Black/Blue Self, Black/Blue Otter, Himalayan, unrecognized Himi Marten
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, Sable Point, any Tort, any Agouti, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Smoke Pearl Marten
YES: REW, Siamese Sable, Sable Marten
Maybe: Siamese Smoke Pearl, Smoke Pearl Marten, Black/Blue Silver Marten, Black/Blue Otter, Black/Blue Self, Himalayan, unrecognized Himi Marten
NO: Chocolate, Lilac, Sable Point, any Tort, any Agouti, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Silver Marten (black, blue, chocolate, lilac judged together)
YES: any Silver Marten, Chinchilla, Squirrel, any Otter
Maybe: any Self, Chestnut, Opal, Lynx, Siamese Sable, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Sable Marten, Smoke Pearl Marten
NO: Sable Point, any Tort, Himalayan, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Otter (black, blue, chocolate, lilac judged together)
YES: any Otter, any Self, Chestnut, Opal, Lynx, any Silver Marten
Maybe: Chinchilla, Squirrel, Tan, Siamese Sable, Siamese Smoke Pearl, Sable Marten, Smoke Pearl Marten
NO: Sable Point, any Tort, Himalayan, Orange, Fawn, Steel
Tan (black, blue, chocolate, lilac judged together)
YES: Tan, unrecognized Red
Maybe: any Otter, any Self
NO: everything else
GROUP 5 - AOV (Any Other Variety)
Broken (any recognized variety except Himalayan)
YES: Treat as if solid, and choose mates from compatible varieties.
Maybe: REW
NO: BEW, Himalayan
Himalayan (black, blue, chocolate, lilac judged together)
YES: Himalayan, any Self, any Shaded
Maybe: Black/Blue Tort
NO: REW, any Agouti, any Tan Pattern, Orange, Fawn, Steel, Broken
Orange
YES: Orange, Fawn, Chocolate, Lilac, unrecognized Chocolate/Lilac Chestnut or Chocolate/Lilac Tort
Maybe: Chestnut, Opal, Lynx, any Tort
NO: everything else
Fawn
YES: Orange, Fawn, Chocolate, Lilac, unrecognized Chocolate/Lilac Chestnut or Chocolate/Lilac Tort
Maybe: Chestnut, Opal, Lynx, any Tort
NO: everything else
Steel (black, chestnut judged together, gold-tipped only)
YES: Steel, Black, Chestnut
Maybe: ?
NO: everything else
See Color ~ Photos for representations of most of the varieties.
Common color faults & DQs in the above varieties:
White spots, scattered white hairs. DQ (any solid colored variety)
Cause: Spotting gene (not the same as Broken), undesirable gene modifiers.
Fix: Cull.
White Tail. DQ (most common in Sable Point and Tort, and sometimes Self)
Cause: Underside of tail is white. Undesirable gene modifiers. May be related to white spots. May not appear until maturity.
Fix: Cull or select for full tail color that holds into maturity.
White, mismatched, or too light toenails. DQ (most common in dilute)
Cause: Undesirable gene modifiers (might be related to white spots), breeding dilute x dilute, faded due to age, injury.
Fix: Cull in the case of mismatched or white. Breed to dark, dense color if too light, and avoid dilute x dilute. In the case of fading, select for good color that holds well into mature age.
Seal / too dark. DQ / FAULT (Siamese Sable)
Cause: Breeding shaded x shaded.
Fix: Lighten by breeding to Himi or REW.
Smut. FAULT (Sable Point)
Cause: Gene modifiers, breeding Sable Point x Sable Point. Identified as dark "ticking" on the body. Sable Points often become darker and smuttier with age.
Fix: Select for clean body color, breed to Black Himi or REW.
Himi Marten, Agouti Himi. DQ (Himalayan)
Cause: Carrying tan pattern or agouti. Identified by white undertail, nostrils, and ear lacing. Agouti will also have ticking on points.
Fix: Cull. Can use Himi Marten to produce Sable and Smoke Pearl Martens.
Broken Himi. DQ (Himalayan)
Cause: Breeding Himi to Broken. Identified by lack of color on feet and tail, broken color on nose and ears.
Fix: Can be used to produce shaded Brokens, but will produce more broken Himis in later generations.
Small or indistinct points. FAULT (Himalayan)
Cause: Gene modifiers, breeding to REW, warm weather.
Fix: Select for good point color, breed to Himi, shaded or self.
Broken DQs & Faults.
DQ: Less than 10% color or more than 50% color (in judge's opinion), absense of color on ears, eyes, nose or body, excessive scattered white hairs in colored areas, unrecognized variety.
FAULT: Unbalanced butterfly (nose marking) or pattern, white spots in ear color, general color faults.
Cause: Gene modifiers.
Fix: Select for good color and pattern.
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Related Info: Color Articles; Glossary; Links
* DISCLAIMER * This article was written from personal experience and opinion, and some input from other breeders. It is intended as a guide only. Other breeders may disagree or have other methods.
This article or any part of this site may not be reproduced without permission.
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